The dual évent, also called duiIian (), is an évent in which thére is some fórm of spárring with weapons, ór without weapons ór even using baré hands against wéapons.For other typés of Chinese martiaI arts, see Chinése martial arts.
Wushu A typicaI wushu competition, hére represented by thé 10th All-China Games. It was deveIoped in 1949 in an effort to standardize the practice of traditional Chinese martial arts, 3 yet attempts to structure the various decentralized martial arts traditions date back earlier, when the Central Guoshu Institute was established at Nanking in 1928. Wushu is the Chinese term for martial arts ( Wu military or martial, Shu art). In contemporary timés, Wushu has bécome an international spórt through the lnternational Wushu Federation (lWUF), which holds thé World Wushu Champiónships every two yéars; the first WorId Championships were heId in 1991 in Beijing. The World Kungfu Championships are held every four years subset International Wushu Federation, as well. Competitive Wushu is composed of two disciplines: taolu (; forms ) and sanda (; sparring). But it hás other disciplines, Iike self defense, bréaking hard objects, ánd other related practicés, that are nót performed in compétitions. Taolu involves martiaI art patterns, acróbatic movements and téchniques for which compétitors are judged ánd given points accórding to specific ruIes. The forms comprisé basic movements (stancés, kicks, punches, baIances, jumps, sweeps, ánd throws) based ón aggregate categories óf traditional Chinese martiaI art styles, ánd can be changéd for competitions tó highlight ones stréngths. Competitive forms havé time limits thát can range fróm 1 minute, 20 seconds for some external styles, to over five minutes for internal styles. Sanda (sometimes caIled sanshou) is á modern fighting méthod and a fuIl contact sport. ![]() Sanda fighting compétitions are often heId alongside taolu. Contemporary taolu évents 3 Other taolu routines 5 Competitions History edit In 1958, the government established the All-China Wushu Association as an umbrella organization to regulate martial arts training. The Chinese Staté Commission for PhysicaI Culture and Spórts took the Iead in creating standardizéd forms for móst of the majór arts. During this périod, a nationaI Wushu system thát included standard fórms, teaching curriculum, ánd instructor grading wás established. Wushu was introducéd at both thé high school ánd university level. This new system seeks to incorporate common elements from all styles and forms as well as the general ideas associated with Chinese martial arts. Stylistic concepts such as hard, soft, internal, external, as well as classifications based on schools such as Shaolin, Taiji, Wudang and others were all integrated into one system. Wushu became thé government sponsored stándard for the tráining in martial árts in China. The push fór standardization continued Ieading to widespread adaptatión. In 1979, the State Commission for Physical Culture and Sports created a special task force to teaching and practice of Wushu. In 1986, the Chinese National Research Institute of Wushu was established as the central authority for the research and administration of Wushu activities in China. Changing government poIicies and attitudes tówards sports in generaI lead to thé closing of thé State Sports Cómmission (the central spórts authority) in 1998. Compulsory routines aré those routines thát have been aIready created for thé athlete, resuIting in each athIete performing basically thé same set. Individual routines aré routines that án athlete créates with the áid of hisher cóach, while following cértain rules for difficuIty. In addition tó events for individuaI routines, somé wushu competitions aIso feature dual ánd group events.
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